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  Monday, June 8, 2015

  World's first skull and scalp transplant: Texas doctors set world record (VIDEO)

HOUSTON, TX, USA -- US doctors have successfully performed the world's first skull and scalp transplant.; the recipient, a former cancer patient, also received a new kidney and pancreas during an operation that lasted more than half a day; James Boysen, a 55-year-old software developer from Austin, Texas, underwent 15 hours of surgery performed with the help of more than 50 medical professionals,
according to the World Record Academy .

A 55-year-old American man has become the first recipient of a skull and scalp transplant ? and an unintentional hair transplant at the same time. James Boysen, a software engineer from Austin, Texas, had the 15-hour procedure performed to repair an open wound on the top of his head from radiation therapy for cancer.
  Photo: A 55-year-old American man has become the first recipient of a skull and scalp transplant — and an unintentional hair transplant at the same time. James Boysen, a software engineer from Austin, Texas, had the 15-hour procedure performed to repair an open wound on the top of his head from radiation therapy for cancer. Photo: AP ( enlarge photo )

The Guinness World Records' record for the First successful partial face transplant was set by Isabelle Dinoire (France) who underwent the first partial face transplant at Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France, on 27 November 2005. Ms Dinoire was left with severe facial disfigurement after her cross-labrador pet dog ripped off her nose, lips and chin trying to wake her after she accidentally overdosed on pills in May 2005. Surgeons worked through the night to remove the skin, fat and some blood vessels from the braindead donor and then placed them over the Ms Dinoire's skull and muscle before re-connecting the blood vessels. The operation was led by Professor Jean-Michel Dubernard (France), who carried out the first hand transplant in 1998. Ms Dinoire was aged 38 during her operation.

  Guinness World Records also recognized the world record for the longest surviving kidney transplant patient; it is Johanna Leanora Rempel (née Nightingale) (b. 24 March 1948) of Red Deer, Alberta, Canada, who was given a kidney from her identical twin sister Lana Blatz on 28 December 1960. The operation was performed at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusett, USA.

   MD Anderson Cancer Center and Houston Methodist Hospital doctors announced Thursday that they did the operation on May 22, 2015, at Houston Methodist.  

   Last year, doctors in the Netherlands said they replaced most of a woman's skull with a 3-D printed plastic one. The Texas operation is thought to be the first skull-scalp transplant from a human donor, as opposed to an artificial implant or a simple bone graft.

   In a 15-hour operation by about a dozen doctors and 40 other health workers, Boysen was given a cap-shaped, 10-by-10-inch skull graft, and a 15-inch-wide scalp graft starting above his forehead, extending across the top of his head and over its crown. It ends an inch above one ear and two inches above the other.

  The lead surgeon on the team, Michael Klebuc, said the operation was "very complex" because tissues had to be transplanted through microsurgery.
    "Imagine connecting blood vessels 1/16 of an inch under a microscope with tiny stitches about half the diameter of a human hair being done with tools that one would use to make a fine Swiss watch."

   The pancreas and kidney were transplanted after the head surgery was done.

     Boysen was diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma – a rare form of cancer that attacks smooth muscle – on his scalp nine years ago. He was successfully treated with surgeries and radiation, which left a large wound on his scalp and skull.

    A type 1 diabetic since the age of five, Boysen had already had kidney and pancreas transplants, but those organs were failing. Surgeons conducted all the transplants at the same time, from the same donor, because it offered the best chance against organ and tissue rejection.

   Doctors said they wouldn't have ordinarily performed the surgery, but considering Boysen was also going to receive a new pancreas and kidney at the same time, the medication he would have to take to prevent his body rejecting those organs would also help protect the scalp and skull from the same issue.

    He was released from the hospital and will spend the next few weeks at a residence for people recovering from transplant surgery.

    Over the last decade, transplants once considered impossible have become a reality. More than two dozen face transplants have been done since the first one in France in 2005; the first one in the U.S. was done in Cleveland in 2008. More than 70 hand transplants have been done around the world. Last October, a Swedish woman became the first in the world to give birth after a womb transplant. A host of patients have received transplants or implants of 3-D printed body parts , ranging from blood vessels to windpipes.

     Related world records:  

Most Iris observations and analysis: Lee Nam-han sets world record (VIDEO)

First 3D printed jaw transplant: 83-year-old woman sets world record (Video)


Slowest heart rate: Daniel Green breaks Guinness World Records record

Most heart transplant recipients: Duke Medicine breaks Guinness World Records' record (VIDEO)

Smallest pacemaker: Medtronic breaks Guinness World Records' record (VIDEO)

Largest Kidney Donor Chain: National Kidney Registry sets world record

First Heartless Man: Craig Lewis sets world record (Video)

Oldest Surgery Patient: 100-year-old patient


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